Stumbled across this BBC story about the Boomerang Nebula, said to be just half a degree above absolute zero and certainly colder than the 2.7K of the cosmic microwave background.
http://www.bbc.com/earth/story/20140916-the-coldest-place-in-the-universe
This speed is why the Boomerang is so cold, Sahai explains.
Gas gets cold as it expands, which you can feel if you place your hand over a tyre nozzle as air is being let out. And if the gas expands as fast as it does in the Boomerang, it can get really cold. The nebula also contains a lot of gas, which makes it difficult for the ambient heat from the cosmic microwave background to seep in, helping the gas remain at a low temperature. With the exception of the artificial conditions created in certain laboratories on Earth, there's no known colder place in the universe.
That's fascinating... I had no idea that there were areas in the Universe with temperatures below background. All makes sense based on the above explanation.
Thanks for sharing.